Optical Character Recognition for printed Tamil text using Unicode

:    Optical Character Recognition (OCR) refers to the process of converting printed Tamil text documents into softwaretranslated Unicode Tamil Text. The printed documents available in the form of books, papers, magazines, etc. are scanned usingstandard scanners which produce an image of the scanned document. As part of the preprocessing phase the image file is checkedfor skewing. If the image is skewed, it is corrected by a simple rotation technique in the appropriate direction. Then the image ispassed through a noise elimination phase and is binarized. The preprocessed image is segmented using an algorithm which decomposes the scanned text into paragraphs using special space detection technique and then the paragraphs into lines using verticalhistograms, and lines into words using horizontal histograms, and words into character image glyphs using horizontal histograms.Each image glyph is comprised of 32×32 pixels. Thus a database of character image glyphs is created out of the segmentationphase. Then all the image glyphs are considered for recognition using Unicode mapping. Each  image glyph is passed throughvarious routines which extract the features of the glyph. The various features that are considered for classification are the characterheight, character width, the number of horizontal lines (long and short), the number of vertical lines (long and short), the horizontally oriented curves, the vertically oriented curves, the number of circles, number of slope lines, image centroid and specialdots. The glyphs are now set ready for classification based on these features. The extracted features are passed to a Support VectorMachine (SVM) where the characters are classified by Supervised Learning Algorithm. These classes are mapped onto Unicodefor recognition. Then the text is reconstructed using Unicode fonts.

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